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            This issue includes updates and reflections from the PromPrint team about our activities and findings in the project’s first year.   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏
        
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.5em;mso-line-height-alt:1.5em;margin-top:0;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing:.02em;"><strong>Welcome to our newsletter!</strong></h4><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This issue includes updates and reflections from the PromPrint team about our activities and findings in the project’s first year.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Read on to find out about digital techniques developed, visits to physical archives, a book proposal already in motion, and more!</p>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.5em;mso-line-height-alt:1.5em;margin-top:0;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing:.02em;"><strong>Updates from Hannah Field, Principal Investigator</strong>&nbsp;</h4><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This first year of PromPrint has been a whirlwind. We have a team! We have an advisory board! We have a project website featuring many of my favourite colours! We have an algorithm! We have some data!&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">For me as PI, this first year has been about having my intuition as a researcher fulfilled.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:10.6667px;" class="">I had a long-standing question (how to work out the gaps in the collections of copyright libraries), I had a hunch (that digital methods could shed light on this question)—and I had no idea if I was right. The first year of the project has shown that, with the right expertise, the question <em>can </em>be studied in this way, and I’m grateful to the ERC for allowing me to find that out and to Nic and Milan for being the people with said expertise.&nbsp;</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:10.6667px;" class="">As a very sociable person who wonders why they have chosen a career that is often so solitary, I have also loved being part of a research team. Especially one made up of such delightful people as Tiffany, Nic, and Milan.&nbsp;</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:10.6667px;" class="">So, on that note, bring on Year 2!&nbsp;</p>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.5em;mso-line-height-alt:1.5em;margin-top:0;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing:.02em;"><strong>Updates from Milan Terlunen, Researcher in Digital Humanities</strong>&nbsp;</h4><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">I joined the PromPrint team in September, and the first eight months have gone by quickly!&nbsp;</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">With Hannah, I've collaborated on a book proposal for the <a href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/publications/elements/digital-literary-studies" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color:#f980f9 !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Cambridge Elements in Digital Literary Studies</span></a> series. One value of writing a proposal at this early stage has been to clarify how digital elements will work together with humanistic prose. As we're aiming to be accessible to literary scholars and book historians beyond just those who work with digital methods, we want to be transparent about our code and data without overwhelming readers who are more interested in the literary and historical arguments.&nbsp;</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">With Nic, I've worked on digital aspects of the research. At first, I focused on using Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) to transform scans of 19th-century copyright records into tables of digital data. Later, I began to analyse the lists of missing books Nic generated, investigating questions like which title keywords correlated most strongly with presence and absence in a library's collection. Take these early findings with a pinch of salt, but it seems like keywords relating to Christianity and Englishness were an advantage in getting your book preserved (good old Victorian chauvinism!) while the first-person pronouns "I" and "my" were disadvantages (too egocentric?). I presented these early findings at several conferences in North America (more in <a href="https://www.promiscuousprint.com/blog/dr-milan-terlunen-gives-his-first-presentations-on-promprints-findings-in-canada-and-the-us" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color:#f980f9 !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">this blog post</span></a>) and am curious what we'll find for other libraries and other years.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Lately, I've started exploring physical archives too. In April, I visited Cambridge University Library and found fascinating evidence of the human struggles and conflicts happening behind the scenes at universities and publishers (see photo). I also discovered just how vast the record-keeping efforts were (multiple 1000-page A3-size handwritten books every single year). I'm planning a visit to the Bodleian Library in Oxford next - stay tuned for a blog post about these archive visits soon.&nbsp;</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><em>[Image shows a pre-printed slip used by the copyright agent to try to obtain books from a delinquent publisher]</em></p>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.5em;mso-line-height-alt:1.5em;margin-top:0;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing:.02em;"><strong>Updates from Nic Seymour-Smith, Research Software Engineer</strong></h4><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Phase one of the project has involved developing techniques to extract and compare data from various catalog formats.&nbsp;</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Starting from photographs of the Stationer's Hall registers for the relevant years, we have extracted titles, publishers and dates of submission to the hall using the HTR capabilities of the Gemini AI assistant, developing techniques to manage the limited context window of the assistant in comparison to the size of the dataset, and indexing methods that allow us to track potential errors back to the original documents in order to improve techniques.&nbsp;</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">While we work on locating and digitising corresponding accession records at the legal deposit libraries, we have explored using the digitised <a href="https://doi.org/10.34812/fbc2-b228" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color:#f980f9 !important;">National Library of Scotland catalogue of published material (version 1)</a> as a test dataset for matching entries across catalogs: with the expectation that the size of the datasets, human/AI errors and systematic cataloguing differences will require us to develop techniques to create trustable algorithmic entry matching, and that ambiguous matches will either err on the side of caution (with regards to any claims of titles being rejected by legal deposit libraries), or will be highlighted to the researcher for manual disambiguation.&nbsp;</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">While the NLS dataset is unsuitable for answering our research question (since entries don't record whether they entered the collection via legal deposit or other collections), this test dataset process has helped us develop useful algorithmic matching heuristics that will carry over to the accession catalogs of the legal deposit libraries.&nbsp;</p>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.5em;mso-line-height-alt:1.5em;margin-top:0;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing:.02em;"><strong>Updates from Tiffany Murphy, Senior Project Officer</strong></h4><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">I can’t quite believe it has been a year since I joined the project! &nbsp;</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Highlights of the past year for me have been building our <a href="https://www.promiscuousprint.com/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color:#f980f9 !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">project website</span></a>, which involved working with Brighton-based graphic designer <a href="https://katiemollyhurst.com/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color:#f980f9 !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Katie Molly Hurst</span></a> and researching other ERC project websites to get a sense of what felt right for ours. I’ve also found the processes for recruiting a PhD researcher to the project particularly exciting—more on that soon!&nbsp;</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">While we are still finalising our communications strategy (a priority for the summer), we’ve been utilising the <a href="https://www.promiscuousprint.com/blog" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color:#f980f9 !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">blog feature on our website</span></a>. Each month (ish), someone from the team has contributed a blog entry. For April, to celebrate one year of PromPrint, Hannah wrote about the British Museum Bill of 1900 and Sir Sidney Lee's intervention. If you haven’t already, <a href="https://www.promiscuousprint.com/blog/span-classsqsrte-text-color-whitethe-british-museum-bill-of-1900span" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color:#f980f9 !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">check it out</span></a>.&nbsp;</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Starting work supporting a research project of this scale was at first a little daunting; establishing working systems while still getting to grips with the requirements of the funder, the institution and the project itself. Because I was already based at Sussex as a doctoral researcher and research support coordinator, I had institutional experience and connections&nbsp;on my side (I can’t underestimate how helpful this has been), and the ERC have some fantastic resources online. We are well on our way now, and I’m excited for what the next year will bring!&nbsp;</p>
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